This decade rang in the digital clinical trial initiative, with the first ‘virtual’ trial being approved by the FDA in 2012. This was Pfizer’s Research On Electronic Monitoring of Overactive Bladder Treatment Experience (REMOTE) trial. It used e-consenting, web and smartphone-based recruitment, the study drug was delivered to patient’s and patient data and patient safety were monitored remotely by physicians throughout the trial. The objective was to enrol 600 patients from about 10 states across the USA. However, the trial failed, primarily as recruitment targets were not met, owing to the fact that technology proved to be challenging for an elderly patient population (Applied Clinical Trials Editors, 2011).